Pressure sores, also known as bedsores or pressure ulcers, are a common concern for individuals who use wheelchairs for extended periods. These sores develop when prolonged pressure on the skin reduces blood flow, leading to irritation or breakdown. Fortunately, with proper care and preventive measures, pressure sores can be avoided. Here’s how to keep your skin healthy and comfortable while using a wheelchair.

1. Use a Pressure-Relief Cushion
A high-quality pressure-relief cushion is one of the best ways to prevent sores. These cushions are designed to distribute weight evenly and reduce pressure on high-risk areas, such as the tailbone and hips. Gel, foam, and air-filled cushions are popular options. Consult a healthcare professional to choose the cushion that best suits your needs.

2. Shift Your Weight Regularly
Frequent weight shifts are crucial for reducing pressure on specific areas. Try shifting your weight every 15-30 minutes by leaning forward, to the side, or slightly lifting yourself off the seat. This simple habit improves blood flow and minimizes the risk of skin breakdown.

3. Maintain Proper Sitting Posture
Good posture not only improves comfort but also prevents uneven pressure on the body. Sit upright with your back supported by the wheelchair’s backrest and your feet flat on the footrests. Ensure that your weight is evenly distributed across your buttocks and thighs. If necessary, work with a physical therapist to adjust your wheelchair for optimal support.

4. Inspect Your Skin Daily
Perform a daily skin check to identify any early signs of pressure sores. Pay close attention to high-pressure areas, such as the tailbone, hips, thighs, and heels. Look for redness, swelling, or irritation. If you notice any concerning changes, address them promptly by relieving pressure and consulting a healthcare provider.

5. Keep Your Skin Clean and Dry
Moisture from sweat or incontinence can increase the risk of pressure sores. Keep your skin clean and dry by maintaining good hygiene. Use gentle, pH-balanced cleansers and pat your skin dry with a soft towel. For individuals prone to moisture, applying a barrier cream can protect the skin from irritation.

6. Stay Active When Possible
If your mobility allows, incorporate physical activity into your daily routine. Movement improves circulation and reduces the time spent in one position, lowering the risk of pressure sores. Simple exercises, such as arm stretches or seated leg lifts, can also help.

7. Use Proper Clothing and Materials
Choose loose-fitting, breathable clothing that reduces friction and allows air circulation. Avoid clothing with thick seams or pockets that may create pressure points. If you use a wheelchair for long periods, consider using materials like sheepskin or specialized wheelchair covers to reduce skin irritation.

8. Adjust Your Wheelchair Setup
An ill-fitted wheelchair can contribute to pressure sores. Ensure that the seat, backrest, and footrests are properly adjusted to your body. Pressure mapping technology, available at many rehabilitation centers, can help identify areas of high pressure and guide adjustments.

9. Stay Hydrated and Eat a Balanced Diet
Good nutrition and hydration play a vital role in skin health. Eating a diet rich in vitamins (especially A, C, and E), protein, and zinc helps maintain healthy skin and promotes healing. Drinking enough water keeps your skin hydrated and resilient.

10. Seek Professional Support
If you’re at high risk for pressure sores or have a history of developing them, consult with a healthcare professional. A wound care specialist or occupational therapist can provide personalized advice, recommend appropriate equipment, and guide you on preventive care.